Scrittori dimenticati:Michail Lermontov
Mikhail Yuryevich Lermontov (Russian: Михаи?л Ю?рьевич Ле?рмонтов ; IPA: [m??x??il ?jur?j?v??t? ?l??rm?nt?f] ; Oct 15 [O.S. October step 3] 1814 – July 27 [O.S. July fifteen] 1841), a good Russian Romantic author, poet and you may painter, both called “the fresh poet of your Caucasus”, became the very first Russian poet immediately after Alexander Pushkin’s death for the 1837. Lermontov is considered the finest poet out-of Russian books near to Pushkin plus the ideal profile from inside the Russian Romanticism. His affect later on Russian books continues to be experienced within the modern minutes, not merely as a consequence of his poetry, and in addition because of their prose, which established new tradition of Russian emotional unique.
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Lermontov was born in Moscow towards an honest noble class of the latest Tula Oblast, and you may grew up to the Tarkhany estate regarding village regarding Tarkhany (today Lermontovo) within the Penza Oblast. Based on legend, his paternal members of the family was descended regarding the Scottish Earls regarding Learmont, certainly who paid for the Russia in the early 17th millennium, for the reign of Mikhail Fedorovich Romanov. This new legendary Scottish poet Thomas the latest Rhymer (Thomas Learmonth) was therefore claimed while the a member of family from Lermontov. The sole ascertainable genealogical suggestions states your poet are originated regarding Yuri (George) Learmont, a good Scottish manager regarding the Polish service exactly who paid for the Russia in seventeenth 100 years [ step one ]
Lermontov’s dad, Yuri Lermontov, particularly their dad in advance of him, try a military man. Which have gone up the positions to master, he married the fresh new 16-year-old Maria Arsenyeva, to the higher dismay out-of her mom, Yelizaveta Alekseyevna. A year following relationship, towards night of October step three (Old-style), 1814, Maria provided beginning to help you Mikhail Lermontov. Centered on culture, soon after their birth particular dissension ranging from Lermontov’s father and you can grandma erupted, and you may unable to bear it, Maria dropped ill and you will passed away in 1817. Shortly after their daughter’s demise, Yelizaveta Alekseyevna devoted all this lady want to their grandson, usually afraid you to definitely their father you will circulate aside with him. Sometimes this is why pampering or continuous family members stress or each other,the students Lermontov arranged a shy and you can conceited disposition, which he grabbed from the servants, plus in vandalising their grandmother’s garden.
Since the a little son Lermontov paid attention to reports towards outlaws of Volga area, about their high bravery and insane country existence. When he is actually 10, Mikhail fell sick, and you will Yelizaveta Alekseyevna got him into Caucasus because of its most useful environment.
New rational environment and he was raised are just like one to educated by the Pushkin, although domination off French had begun to cave in to help you an inclination to possess English, and you may Lamartine common prominence with Byron. In the early teens Lermontov is knowledgeable of the a great Frenchman entitled Gendrot. Yelizaveta Alekseyevna believed this was perhaps not enough and you can chose to capture Lermontov to help you luxy Moscow, to arrange having gymnasium. From inside the Moscow, Lermontov is actually lead to help you Goethe and you will Schiller by the an effective German pedagogue, Levy, and soon later on, inside the 1828, he entered the gymnasium. He became an exceptional scholar. Including within gymnasium he turned into familiar with the newest poetry out of Pushkin and you will Zhukovsky, and one from his family, Katerina Khvostovaya, after demonstrated your while the “partnered so you’re able to a hefty quantity of Byron”. Katerina got at a time already been the item of Lermontov’s affections and the girl he loyal a few of their earliest poems, “Нищий (У врат обители святой)” (New Beggar). During the time, together with poetic passions, Lermontov as well as build a choice for toxic wit and you may cruel, sardonic laughs. His ability to mark caricatures try matched up because of the their capability to pin people off with a well lined up epigram or moniker.